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  1. Chemistry | Definition, Topics, Types, History, & Facts | Britannica

    Dec 26, 2025 · Cooking, fermentation, glass making, and metallurgy are all chemical processes that date from the beginnings of civilization. Today, vinyl, Teflon, liquid crystals, semiconductors, and …

  2. Chemical compound | Definition, Examples, & Types | Britannica

    Dec 16, 2025 · All the matter in the universe is composed of the atoms of more than 100 different chemical elements, which are found both in pure form and combined in chemical compounds.

  3. Chemical Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary

    CHEMICAL meaning: 1 : of or relating to chemistry; 2 : working by means of chemicals

  4. Periodic table | Definition, Elements, Names, Symbols, Groups, Charges ...

    Dec 22, 2025 · Periodic table, in chemistry, is an organized array of all the chemical elements in order of increasing atomic number. When the elements are thus arranged, there is a recurring pattern in …

  5. Boron | Properties, Uses, & Facts | Britannica

    Jan 9, 2026 · Boron, chemical element that is a semimetal essential to plant growth and of wide industrial application. Typical effects of long-term boron deficiency are stunted, misshapen growth; …

  6. Cellular respiration | Definition, Equation, Cycle, Process, Reactants ...

    Jan 9, 2026 · Cellular respiration, the process by which organisms combine oxygen with foodstuff molecules, diverting the chemical energy in these substances into life-sustaining activities and …

  7. Silver | Facts, Properties, & Uses | Britannica

    Jan 7, 2026 · Silver, chemical element of atomic number 47, a white lustrous metal valued for its decorative beauty and electrical conductivity. Silver’s physical and chemical properties are …

  8. Ecology | Biodiversity, Ecosystems & Conservation | Britannica

    Nov 21, 2025 · And the term environment includes not only physical and chemical features but also the biological environment, which involves yet more organisms. In practice, ecology is composed of …

  9. Protein | Definition, Structure, & Classification | Britannica

    Dec 31, 2025 · Protein enzymes catalyze the vast majority of chemical reactions that occur in the cell. Proteins provide many of the structural elements of a cell, and they help to bind cells together into …

  10. chemical reaction - Students | Britannica Kids | Homework Help

    The substances in a chemical reaction may be chemical elements, molecules, or compounds. The substances present at the start of a chemical reaction are called the reactants; the substances …